Ukuzwa umswakama kanye nezinga lokushisa kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi ebusika obunzima iningi lethu elibhekene nabo njengamanje.Kubalulekile hhayi kuphela ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, kodwa futhi embonini yokukhiqiza.Isibonelo, lapho ama-humidity transmitter efakwe kahle futhi esetshenziswa, amasistimu okwakha ezishintshayo anganquma lapho umoya ukoma kakhulu noma uba manzi kakhulu ukuze unganethezeka.
Okokuqala, inzwa yokushisa
Izinzwa lokushisa zisetshenziselwa ukunquma inani lokushisa noma ukubanda okukhiqizwa into noma uhlelo.Ingakwazi ukuzwa/ukubona noma yiluphi ushintsho olubonakalayo kumazinga okushisa nokuphumayo kwe-analog noma amasignali edijithali.Izinzwa lokushisa ziwela ezigabeni ezimbili: Izinzwa lokushisa okuthintana naye kufanele zithintane ngokoqobo nento ezozwakala futhi ziqaphe ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa ngokuqhuba.Izinzwa zezinga lokushisa lokuxhumana ziqapha ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa nge-convection nemisebe.
Okwesibili,inzwa yomswakama
Umswakamo inani lomhwamuko wamanzi osemoyeni.Inani lomhwamuko wamanzi emoyeni linomthelela enduduzo yomuntu kanye nezinqubo ezihlukahlukene zezimboni.Umhwamuko wamanzi nawo uthinta izinqubo ezihlukahlukene zomzimba, zamakhemikhali nezebhayoloji.Izinzwa zokuswakama zisebenza ngokuthola izinguquko kumandla kagesi noma izinga lokushisa lomoya.Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyisisekelo zezinzwa zomswakama: i-capacitive, resistive kanye ne-thermal.Ngalunye lwalezi zinhlobo ezintathu luzoqhubeka luqaphe izinguquko ezincane emkhathini ukuze kubalwe umswakama womoya.
Inzwa ye-capacitive humidity inquma umswakama ohlobene ngokuhlanganisa umugqa omncane we-metal oxide phakathi kwama-electrode amabili.Amandla kagesi we-metal oxides ayahlukahluka ngomswakama ohlobene womkhathi ozungezile.Izicelo eziyinhloko isimo sezulu, ezohwebo nezimboni.Izinzwa zomswakama ezingazweli zisebenzisa ama-ion kusawoti ukukala ukuthinta kukagesi kwama-athomu.Ukumelana ne-electrode ezinhlangothini zombili zosawoti kuyashintsha ngokuswakama.Izinzwa ezimbili zokushisa zihambisa ugesi ngokusekelwe kumswakama womoya ozungezile.Inzwa eyodwa ivalwe nge-nitrogen eyomile, kuyilapho enye ivezwa emoyeni ozungezile.Umehluko phakathi kwalawa manani amabili ubonisa umswakama ohlobene.
Inzwa yomswakama iyisisetshenziswa se-elekthronikhi esithola umswakama endaweni bese siyiguqula ibe isignali kagesi.Izinzwa zomswakama ziza ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene kanye nokucushwa;Ezinye zihlanganiswe kumadivayisi aphathwayo, njengama-smartphone, kuyilapho amanye ahlanganiswe ezinhlelweni ezinkulu ezishumekiwe, njengezinhlelo zokuqapha izinga lomoya.Ngokwesibonelo, Izidlulisi zokushisa ze-Hengko nomswakama zisetshenziswa kabanzi kuii-meteorological, medical, automotive kanye ne-HVAC izimboni nezimboni zokukhiqiza.Inzwa yezinga lemboni yokunemba okuphezulu komswakama ingaqinisekisa ukukalwa okunembile kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemvelo enokhahlo.
Okwesithathu, indlela yokubala
Izinzwa zokuswakama zihlukaniswa zibe izinzwa zomswakama ohlobene (RH) nezinzwa zomswakama ophelele (AH) ngokuya ngendlela esetshenziswa ukubala ukuswakama.Amanani womswakamo ahlobene anqunywa ngokuqhathanisa ukufundwa komswakamo kwesikhathi sangempela ezingeni lokushisa elinikeziwe nomswakama ophezulu emoyeni kulelo zinga lokushisa.Ngakho-ke, inzwa yomswakama ohlobene kufanele ilinganise izinga lokushisa ukuze ibale umswakama ohlobene.Umswakama ophelele, ngokuphambene, unqunywa ngaphandle kwezinga lokushisa.
Okwesibili, ukusetshenziswa kwezinzwa
Izinzwa zezinga lokushisa cishe zinezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingokoqobo ezingenamkhawulo, njengoba zibuye zisetshenziswe emikhiqizweni eyahlukene yezokwelapha, okuhlanganisa amadivayisi we-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) kanye nezikena eziphathekayo ze-ultrasound.Izinzwa zamazinga okushisa zisetshenziswa ezintweni ezihlukahlukene ezisetshenziswa ezindlini zethu, kusukela eziqandisini neziqandisi kuya ezitofini namahhavini ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zishiselwa ezingeni lokushisa elifanele lokupheka, uswidi/izifudumezi zomoya.Ngisho namashaja amabhethri ajwayelekile ayawasebenzisa ukuvimbela ukushajwa ngokweqile noma ukushajwa okungaphansi kwebhethri ngokuya ngezinga lokushisa layo.
Nakuba kungase kubonakale kungenakwenzeka ukuthi ukukhishwa kukawoyela kuzosetshenziselwa izinzwa zokushisa, zibalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinqubo zokukhipha uwoyela eziphephile nezisebenzayo.I-oil bit inenzwa yokushisa ekugcineni kwayo exwayisa abasebenzi uma idinga ukuyeka ukubhola, ngoba uma ishisa kakhulu (ngoba ilokhu ibhoboza ijule emhlabathini), ingashisa kakhulu futhi iphuke.
Inzwa yokushisa yakhiwe kurediyetha yemoto.Lokhu kubalulekile, ngoba lapho amanzi ajikeleza ngenjini yemoto efika emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ngokungaphephile, ayakuxwayisa ukuthi, uma edlula, angabangela ukwehluleka kwenjini, kanye nokulawula isimo sezulu semoto /.Ngokulungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo amapharamitha ngokwezinga lokushisa, lesi simo sigwenywa ngokuphumelelayo ngaphandle kokubeka umshayeli engozini.
Amasistimu e-HVAC adinga izilinganiso zezinga lokushisa ukuze zisize ukugcina izinga lokushisa elilungile ekamelweni noma esakhiweni.Izinzwa zamazinga okushisa ziyadingeka cishe kuwo wonke ama-air-conditioning nesistimu ezindlini nasemahhovisi.Angasetshenziswa futhi ukuthola ukuvuza ngokuthola okudidayo okungalindelekile kwezinga lokushisa.
Amandla avuselelekayo ancike kuzinzwa zezinga lokushisa ukuze zisebenze kahle.Amaphampu okushisa elanga, izinjini zomoya, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-biomass combuss kanye nemithombo yokushisa ephansi konke kuncike ekulawuleni izinga lokushisa nesilinganiso.
Okwesihlanu, ukulinganisa okunembayo
Ukuze unqume ukunemba kwenzwa, amanani atholiwe aqhathaniswa nezinga lokubhekisela.Ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwezinzwa zomswakama, sidale amazinga sisebenzisa indlela "yosawoti osuthelisiwe".Ngamafuphi, lapho usawoti othile (izinhlanganisela ze-ionic ezifana nosawoti wetafula noma i-potassium chloride) encibilika emanzini, adala isimo somswakama owaziwayo.
Lezi zakhiwo zamakhemikhali zisetshenziselwa ukwakha imvelo encane enephesenti elaziwayo lomswakamo ohlobene (RH) (izinga lokubhekisela), elibuye lifundwe yisinzwa.Ngokunembile, sizolungisa isisombululo ku-tank evaliwe ukuze sibambe umkhathi, bese sibeka inzwa exhunyiwe ethangini elivaliwe.Ngemuva kwalokho, inzwa ifundwa ngokuphindaphindiwe futhi amanani aqoshiwe.
Singathuthukisa amaphrofayili enzwa ngaphansi kokuhlolwa ngokuphinda le nqubo ngosawoti abahlukahlukene, ngalinye elikhiqiza ukuswakama okuhlobene okuhlukile.Ngoba siyawazi umswakama ohlobene we-microenvi ngayinyeramafutha, singaqhathanisainzwaukufundwa ngalawo manani aziwayo ukuze kutholwe ukunemba kwenzwa.
Uma ukuchezuka kukukhulu kodwa kungenakunqotshwa, singathuthukisa ukunemba kwesilinganiso ngokusebenzisa inqubo yokulinganisa yezibalo kusofthiwe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-01-2022
