Izinzwa ze-analog zisetshenziswa kabanzi embonini esindayo, embonini ekhanyayo, eyendwangu, ezolimo, ezokukhiqiza nezokwakha, imfundo yokuphila kwansuku zonke kanye nocwaningo lwesayensi, neminye imikhakha.Inzwa ye-analogi ithumela isignali eqhubekayo, ene-voltage, yamanje, ukumelana njll, usayizi wamapharamitha akaliwe.Isibonelo, inzwa yokushisa, inzwa yegesi, inzwa yokucindezela nokunye kuyinzwa yobuningi be-analog evamile.
Inzwa yobuningi be-analogi izophinde ihlangabezane nokuphazamiseka lapho idlulisela amasignali, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yalezi zici ezilandelayo:
1.Ukugxambukela kwe-Electrostatic
Ukungeniswa kwe-electrostatic kungenxa yokuba khona kwe-parasitic capacitance phakathi kwamasekhethi amabili egatsha noma izingxenye, ukuze ukukhokhiswa kwegatsha elilodwa kudluliselwe kwelinye igatsha ngokusebenzisa i-parasitic capacitance, ngezinye izikhathi eyaziwa nangokuthi i-capacitive coupling.
2, Ukuphazamiseka kokungeniswa kwe-Electromagnetic
Uma kukhona inductance phakathi kwamasekhethi amabili, izinguquko zamanje kusekethe eyodwa zihlanganiswa nenye ngenkundla kazibuthe, into eyaziwa ngokuthi i-electromagnetic induction.Lesi simo sivame ukuhlangana nokusetshenziswa kwezinzwa, isidingo sokunaka okukhethekile.
3, Ukuvuza komkhuhlane kufanele kuphazamise
Ngenxa yokungagxili kahle kwengxenye yebakaki, i-terminal post, ibhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe, i-dielectric yangaphakathi noma igobolondo le-capacitor ngaphakathi kwesekethe ye-elekthronikhi, ikakhulukazi ukwanda komswakama endaweni yokusetshenziswa kwenzwa, ukumelana nokufakwa kwe-insulator kuyancipha, futhi khona-ke ukuvuza kwamanje kuzokwanda, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele ukuphazamiseka.Umthelela ubucayi ikakhulukazi lapho ukuvuza kwamanje kugeleza kusigaba sokufaka sesekethe yokulinganisa.
4, Ukuphazamiseka kwefrikhwensi yomsakazo
Ngokuyinhloko ukuphazamiseka okubangelwa ukuqala nokumiswa kwemishini emikhulu yamandla kanye nokuphazanyiswa kwe-harmonic okuhlelekile.
5.Ezinye izinto eziphazamisayo
Ngokuyinhloko ibhekisela endaweni engasebenzi kahle yesistimu, njengesihlabathi, uthuli, umswakama ophezulu, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, izinto zamakhemikhali nezinye imvelo enokhahlo.Endaweni enzima, izothinta kakhulu imisebenzi yenzwa, njengokuthi i-probe ivinjwe uthuli, uthuli kanye ne-particle, okuzothinta ukunemba kokulinganisa.Ezimweni ezinomswakama ophezulu, umhwamuko wamanzi kungenzeka ungene ngaphakathi kwenzwa bese udala umonakalo.
Khetha ainsimbi engagqwali probe izindlu, eqinile, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokumelana nokugqwala, futhi imelana nothuli namanzi ukuze igweme ukulimala kwangaphakathi kwenzwa.Nakuba igobolondo le-probe lingenawo amanzi, ngeke lithinte isivinini sokuphendula inzwa, futhi ukugeleza kwegesi kanye nesivinini sokushintshana kuyashesha, ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela wokuphendula okusheshayo.
Ngokusebenzisa le ngxoxo engenhla, siyazi ukuthi kunezici eziningi zokugxambukela, kodwa lezi zimane nje ziwukujwayelekile, okuqondene nesigcawu, kungase kube umphumela wezinto ezihlukahlukene zokugxambukela.Kodwa lokhu akuthinti ucwaningo lwethu kubuchwepheshe be-analog sensor anti-jamming.
Ubuchwepheshe be-analog sensor anti-jamming ikakhulukazi bunokulandelayo:
6.Sheilding Technology
Iziqukathi zenziwe ngezinto zensimbi.Umjikelezo odinga ukuvikelwa ugoqwe kuwo, ongavimbela ngokuphumelelayo ukuphazanyiswa kwensimu kagesi noma kazibuthe.Le ndlela ibizwa ngokuthi ukuvikela.I-Shielding ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-electrostatic shielding, i-electromagnetic shielding kanye ne-low frequency magnetic shielding.
(1) I-Electrostatic Shieding
Thatha ithusi noma i-aluminium nezinye izinsimbi ezisebenzayo njengezinto zokwakha, wenze isitsha sensimbi esivaliwe, futhi uxhume ngocingo oluphansi, ubeke inani lesifunda ukuze livikelwe ku-R, ukuze inkambu kagesi yokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle ingaphazamisi isifunda sangaphakathi, futhi ngokuphambene, inkambu kagesi eyenziwe yisifunda sangaphakathi ngeke ithinte isifunda sangaphandle.Le ndlela ibizwa ngokuthi i-electrostatic shielding.
(2) I-Electromagnetic Shielding
Ngomkhakha kazibuthe wokuphazamiseka kwemvamisa ephezulu, umgomo we-eddy wamanje usetshenziselwa ukwenza inkambu kazibuthe ephazamisa imvamisa ephezulu ikhiqize i-eddy yamanje kunsimbi evikelekile, edla amandla okuphazamiseka kazibuthe, futhi indawo kazibuthe yamanje e-eddi ikhansela ukuphakama. inkambu kazibuthe yokuphazamiseka kwemvamisa, ukuze isekethe evikelwe ivikelwe ethonyeni lenkambu ye-electromagnetic ephezulu.Le ndlela yokuvikela ibizwa nge-electromagnetic shielding.
(3) Isivikelo Samagnetic Esiphansi
Uma kuyindawo yamagnetic ene-frequency ephansi, into yamanje ye-eddy ayibonakali ngalesi sikhathi, futhi umphumela wokulwa nokuphazamiseka awulungile kakhulu ngokusebenzisa indlela engenhla.Ngakho-ke, izinto ezisetshenziswayo zikazibuthe eziphakeme kufanele zisetshenziswe njengesendlalelo esivikelayo, ukuze kukhawulwe umugqa wokungeniswa kokuphazamiseka kazibuthe wemvamisa ephansi ngaphakathi kwesendlalelo sokuzivikela kazibuthe esinokumelana namagnetic okuncane.Isekethe evikelwe ivikelwe ekuphazanyisweni kokuhlanganisa kazibuthe okuvama okuphansi.Le ndlela yokuvikela ijwayele ukubizwa ngokuthi i-low frequency magnetic shielding.Igobolondo lensimbi lensimbi yokutholwa kwenzwa lisebenza njengesivikelo esizibuthe sefrikhwensi ephansi.Uma iqiniswa futhi, iphinde idlale indima yokuvikela i-electrostatic kanye nokuvikela i-electromagnetic.
7.Grounding technology
Ingenye yezindlela ezisebenzayo zokucindezela ukuphazamiseka kanye nesiqinisekiso esibalulekile sobuchwepheshe bokuvikela.Ukubeka phansi okulungile kungacindezela ngempumelelo ukuphazamiseka kwangaphandle, kuthuthukise ukwethembeka kwesistimu yokuhlola, futhi kunciphise izici zokuphazamiseka ezikhiqizwe isistimu ngokwayo.Inhloso yokubeka phansi ikabili: ukuphepha nokucindezelwa kokuphazamiseka.Ngakho-ke, i-grounding ihlukaniswe yaba isisekelo sokuzivikela, isisekelo sokuvikela kanye nesisekelo sesignali.Ngenhloso yokuphepha, i-casing kanye ne-chassis yedivayisi yokulinganisa inzwa kufanele ibekwe phansi.Isiginali ihlukaniswe yaba indawo yesiginali ye-analogi kanye nesesiginali yedijithali, isignali ye-analogi ngokuvamile ayinamandla, ngakho izidingo zomhlabathi ziphakeme;isignali yedijithali ngokuvamile inamandla, ngakho-ke izidingo zaphansi zingaba ngaphansi.Izimo ezihlukene zokuthola izinzwa nazo zinezidingo ezihlukile endleleni eya phansi, futhi indlela efanele yokubeka phansi kufanele kukhethwe.Izindlela ezijwayelekile zokubeka phansi zifaka isisekelo sephuzu elilodwa kanye nesisekelo samaphuzu amaningi.
(1) Isisekelo sephuzu elilodwa
Kumasekhethi aphansi, kuvame ukutuswa ukuthi kusetshenziswe iphoyinti elilodwa eliphansi, elinomugqa wokumisa nge-radial kanye nolayini wokumisa ibhasi.I-Radiological grounding isho ukuthi isekethe ngayinye esebenzayo kusekethe ixhunywe ngokuqondile nephoyinti lereferensi elingase libe yiziro ngezintambo.I-Busbar grounding isho ukuthi amakhondaktha ekhwalithi ephezulu anendawo ethile ephambanayo asetshenziswa njengebhasi eliphansi, elixhunywe ngokuqondile endaweni engaba nguziro.Umhlabathi webhulokhi ngayinye esebenzayo kusekethe ungaxhunywa ebhasini eliseduze.Izinzwa namadivayisi wokulinganisa akha isistimu yokuthola ephelele, kodwa angase aqhelelene.
(2) Isisekelo samaphuzu amaningi
Amasekhethi anemvamisa ephezulu ngokuvamile ayanconywa ukuthi asebenzise isisekelo samaphuzu amaningi.Imvamisa ephezulu, ngisho nesikhathi esifushane somhlaba sizoba nokwehla kwe-voltage ye-impedance enkudlwana, kanye nomphumela we-capacitance esabalalisiwe, ukufakwa komhlaba okungenakwenzeka kwephuzu elilodwa, ngakho-ke kungasetshenziswa indlela yokumisa yohlobo oluyisicaba, okuyi-multipoint earthing, kusetshenziswa i-conductive enhle iye ku-zero. indawo yereferensi engaba khona emzimbeni wendiza, isekethe yefrikhwensi ephezulu yokuxhuma endizeni yokuhambisa eseduze emzimbeni.Ngenxa yokuthi i-impedance ephezulu yendiza eqhubayo incane kakhulu, amandla afanayo endaweni ngayinye aqinisekisiwe ngokuyisisekelo, futhi i-bypass capacitor yengezwa ukuze kuncishiswe ukwehla kwamandla kagesi.Ngakho-ke, lesi simo kufanele samukele imodi yokubeka phansi amaphuzu amaningi.
8.Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlunga
Isihlungi singenye yezindlela ezisebenzayo zokucindezela ukuphazamiseka kwemodi yochungechunge ye-AC.Amasekhethi okuhlunga ajwayelekile kumjikelezo wokutholwa kwenzwa afaka isihlungi se-RC, isihlungi samandla e-AC nesihlungi samandla samanje sangempela.
(1) Isihlungi se-RC: uma umthombo wesignali kuyinzwa enoshintsho lwesignali enensayo njenge-thermocouple ne-strain gage, isihlungi se-RC esinevolumu encane nezindleko eziphansi sizoba nomthelela ongcono wokuvinjelwa ekuphazamisekeni kwemodi yochungechunge.Nokho, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izihlungi ze-RC zinciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwemodi yochungechunge ngenani lejubane lokuphendula lesistimu.
(2) Isihlungi samandla e-AC: inethiwekhi yamandla idonsa izinhlobonhlobo zomsindo wefrikhwensi ephezulu nephansi, evame ukusetshenziselwa ukucindezela umsindo oxutshwe nesihlungi sikagesi se-LC.
(3) Isihlungi samandla e-DC: Ukunikezwa kwamandla e-DC kuvame ukwabelwa amasekethe amaningana.Ukuze ugweme ukuphazamiseka okubangelwa amasekhethi amaningana ngokumelana kwangaphakathi kokuphakelwa kwamandla, isihlungi sokuhlukanisa i-RC noma i-LC kufanele sengezwe kugesi we-DC wesekethe ngayinye ukuze kuhlungwe umsindo we-low-frequency.
9.Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanganisa i-Photoelectric
Inzuzo eyinhloko yokuhlanganisa i-photoelectric yukuthi ingakwazi ukuvimbela ngokuphumelelayo ukushaya kwe-peak kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zokuphazamiseka komsindo, ukuze isilinganiso sesignali-kuya-kumsindo kunqubo yokudlulisa isignali sithuthukiswe kakhulu.Umsindo wokuphazamiseka, nakuba kunobubanzi obukhulu be-voltage, kodwa amandla mancane kakhulu, angenza kuphela isimanje esibuthakathaka, futhi ingxenye yokufaka ye-photoelectric coupler ye-diode ekhipha ukukhanya isebenza ngaphansi kwesimo samanje, umhlahlandlela ojwayelekile wamanje kagesi we-10 ma ~ 15 ma, ngakho-ke noma ngabe kukhona uhla olukhulu lokuphazanyiswa, ukuphazamiseka ngeke kukwazi ukunikeza okwanele okwamanje nokucindezelwe.
Bheka lapha, ngikholelwa ukuthi sinokuqonda okuthile kwezici zokuphazanyiswa kwenzwa ye-analog nezindlela zokulwa nokuphazamiseka, lapho sisebenzisa inzwa ye-analog, uma kwenzeka ukuphazanyiswa, ngokusho kokuqukethwe okungenhla uphenyo ngalunye, ngokuvumelana nesimo sangempela thatha izinyathelo, akumele ukucubungula ngokungaboni, ukugwema ukulimala kwenzwa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-25-2021
